The Senate’s iteration of the “big, beautiful bill” is encountering significant obstacles in the House, with at least six House Republicans informing The Hill of their current opposition to the framework. This presents a challenging scenario for GOP leaders as the Senate pushes towards a vote.
These six House Republicans, some wishing to remain anonymous, represent enough dissent to potentially derail the package, particularly as GOP leaders navigate a narrow majority. Rep. Thomas Massie (R-Ky.), one of only two GOP members who opposed the House version of the bill last month, is also expected to resist the Senate’s version, adding to the resistance within the House.
Republicans can only afford to lose three votes and still clear the legislation, assuming full attendance and united Democratic opposition.
“I back the sensible provisions in H.R. 1 that safeguard Medicaid’s long-term viability and ensure the program continues to aid our most vulnerable. However, I cannot endorse a final bill that eradicates crucial funding sources our hospitals depend on, such as provider taxes and state-directed payments, nor any measures that penalize expansion states,” Rep. David Valadao (R-Calif.) stated on Saturday.
“President Trump was clear when he said to root out our waste, fraud, and abuse without cutting Medicaid and I wholeheartedly agree,” he continued. “I urge my Senate colleagues to stick to the Medicaid provisions in H.R. 1 — otherwise I will vote no.”
Rep. Jeff Van Drew (R-N.J.) told The Hill that he is also opposed to the bill because of the Medicaid provider tax provision. Rep. Young Kim (R-Calif.) is currently a “no” on the measure because of the Medicaid language, rollback of solar energy credits and public lands provisions, a source familiar with the matter told The Hill.
Rep. Nick LaLota (R-N.Y.), meanwhile, told The Hill that he is against the current version of the package because of the state and local tax (SALT) deduction cap proposal. The legislation would increase the currently $10,000 SALT cap to $40,000 for individuals making $500,000 or less for five years, then snap back to the original number.
“While I support the President’s broader agenda, how could I support the same unfair $10k SALT cap I’ve spent years criticizing?” LaLota said. “A permanent $40k deduction cap with income thresholds of $225k for single filers and $450k for joint filers would earn my vote.”
It is not, however, just moderates who are signaling issues with the Senate bill: Rep. Chip Roy (R-Texas), a member of the conservative House Freedom Caucus, posted an ominous message on X that suggested he was not pleased with the package.
“I will not negotiate via X. But it’s important to know that jamming us with a bill before we’ve had any chance to review the implications of major changes & re-writes, fluid scores, a high likelihood of violating the house framework (deficits) , & tons of swamp buy-offs is bad,” he wrote.
The opposition is rising to the surface as Senate Republicans inch closer to holding an initial vote on the “big, beautiful bill,” which would officially kick off the consideration process and eventually tee up a final vote in the House. It remains unclear, however, if Senate GOP leaders have the votes to move forward.
If the motion to proceed passes by a simple majority, the chamber would hold a series of unlimited amendment votes called a vote-a-rama, which could result in changes to the measure. Senate GOP leaders are also still talking to holdouts and could make changes to the bill as written.
In the meantime, House Republicans — beginning to review the revised Senate text unveiled overnight — are expressing resistance to the measure, prompting serious questions about whether top GOP lawmakers will be able to enact the legislation by their self-imposed July 4 deadline.
Speaker Mike Johnson (R-La.) convened a call with the House Republican Conference Saturday afternoon and urged lawmakers to keep their concerns with the Senate bill private, and instead speak directly with their senators and the White House, two sources told The Hill.
Senate Majority Leader Steve Scalise (R-La.) told members that it is unlikely they will have to return to Washington on Monday, the sources said. Tuesday or Wednesday is more realistic, he told lawmakers.
One source told The Hill that the call was brief and leadership did not take questions.
The main qualm among House Republicans appears to be the Medicaid language in the bill. The Senate’s legislation includes a proposal that would effectively cap provider taxes at 3.5 percent by 2031, down from the current 6 percent, but only for the states that expanded Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act.
The decrease was initially supposed to begin in 2027, with a 0.5 percent phase down annually, but Senate Republicans overnight changed the text to delay the implementation to 2028. The upper chamber also inserted a provision to create a $25 billion rural hospital relief fund that would be distributed over five years to assuage those concerns.
The changes, however, do not seem to be solving all of the GOP’s problems, with House Republicans still voicing opposition to the language.
Aside from Medicaid, the Senate bill’s rollback of green-energy tax credits is an issue for some House Republicans. The revised legislation for the upper chamber slashes tax incentives for wind and solar energy and adds a new tax on future wind and solar projects.
Rep. Don Bacon (R-Neb.) would not say how he plans to vote on the bill, but signaled that he is not happy with the Medicaid provisions and green-energy tax credit language.
“Instead of improving the Medicaid and energy portions of [the] House bill it appears the Senate went backwards,” he told The Hill.
