NEW YORK — Forty years ago, the iconic Live Aid concerts set out to achieve significant impact, successfully raising over $100 million for famine relief in Ethiopia and fostering global awareness on a cause that might have been overlooked.

Broadcast live from Philadelphia and London on July 13, 1985, Live Aid represented the most ambitious global television event of its era: 16 hours of continuous live music across two continents featuring acts like Queen, The Who, and a Led Zeppelin reunion, among others.

Much has changed in the decades since then. “Live Aid, ’85 to now, is the same distance as the Second World War from Live Aid,” Rick Springfield notes with a laugh. “That’s how long ago it was.”

Artists who performed at Live Aid – Springfield, organizer Bob Geldof, Hall and Oates’ John Oates and Judas Priest’s Rob Halford – reflected on the event and its impact in interviews with The Associated Press ahead of the 40th anniversary on Sunday.

Here’s what they had to say:

Reflections on an unprecedented event

At John F. Kennedy Stadium in Philadelphia, Springfield performed between Run-DMC and REO Speedwagon – just a taste of the diversity of performers featured on the transnational lineup. “Run-DMC, I remember thinking, ‘What is this? Three guys talking over a record player. What is that? Little did I know that it was about to change the whole game,” he says, laughing. He remembers playing an electric set – no “Jessie’s Girl,” because “back then, it was just my first hit. … It hadn’t gone on to become this cultural thing.”

Hall and Oates’ John Oates had a different experience. His band also played in Philly – their hometown – and in 1985, his band was one of the biggest on the planet. They played near the end of the night, joined by the Temptations’ Eddie Kendricks and David Ruffin and remained on stage to back the Rolling Stones’ dynamic frontman Mick Jagger. The British rockstar had a trick up his sleeve.

“He didn’t tell us that he was bringing Tina Turner out,” Oates says. “We had rehearsed a certain amount of songs with him. But then when he brought her out, it just jacked up the level of energy like you can’t believe.”

Judas Priest singer Rob Halford counts “Mike and Tina, of course,” as one of his Philly Live Aid highlights. “Led Zeppelin, too.”

But most exciting of all for the heavy metal frontman? Meeting folk hero Joan Baez. The band had previously covered her classic “Diamonds and Rust.”

“I thought, ‘Oh my God, she’s gonna come and kick me in the ass for wrecking her beautiful song,'” he recalls. “She gives me a quick hug and goes, ‘The reason I’m here is because my son said to me, if you see Rob Halford from Judas Priest at the Live Aid Show in Philadelphia, will you tell him from me that I prefer Judas Priest’s version to my mom’s version?’ … It was a display of such kindness.”

From Live Aid to Live 8 and beyond

Twenty years after Live Aid, Geldof organized Live 8 – an even larger undertaking in the new internet era, with 10 concerts happening simultaneously and across the globe.

If the trend were to continue, there should be another event taking place this year. Notably, there isn’t.

Geldof says that’s because there couldn’t be a Live Aid-type event in 2025. He cites social media as a cause. In his view, algorithmic fracturing has made it impossible to create monolithic musical and activistic moments. Instead, he views the current media landscape as bolstering “an echo chamber of your own prejudices.”

For something like Live Aid to work, “You need rock ‘n’ roll as a creature of a social, economic and technological movement,” he says. “And I think the rock ‘n’ roll age is over. … It did determine how young people articulated change and the desire for it. … That isn’t the case anymore.”

Springfield agrees. “I think we are too divided,” he says. He believes the world wouldn’t be able to agree on a single cause to support, or even which musicians to back. “You could never do a thing with the size of Live Aid unless it was some kind of universal thing of, ‘Let’s bring everybody together.'”

“Never say never, but I highly doubt it,” says Oates. “The landscape of music and entertainment in general has changed so drastically.”

He points to “We Are The World,” the 1985 charity single for African famine relief that included the voices of Michael Jackson, Willie Nelson, Bob Dylan, Ray Charles, Diana Ross, Stevie Wonder, Smokey Robinson, Paul Simon and many more, as an example. “The idea of that happening with the stars of today all in one place, I can’t even imagine that. And plus, who would they be? … How many songs are released every day?”

Hope for the Live Aid’s legacy to continue

Halford echoes the other’s sentiments. There’s an undeniable “extremism in the world right now,” he says, that would make a Live Aid event challenging to pull off in 2025. But he doesn’t think it’s impossible. He uses January’s Fire Aid – the LA wildfire benefit concert featuring Billie Eilish, Stevie Wonder and a Nirvana reunion – as a recent example.

“There will always be empathy from people,” and in the right hands, maybe another event like Live Aid could take place. “It was a tremendously beautiful, humanitarian example … that provided us opportunity to do something ourselves to help.”