This action coincided with searches by federal police at his residence and the headquarters of his party in Brasília, following a Supreme Court mandate.

The order prohibits Bolsonaro from leaving the house at night, communicate with foreign ambassadors and diplomats or approach embassies.

The former president is also prohibited from accessing social media or communicating with other individuals under Supreme Court investigation, including his son, Eduardo Bolsonaro. Eduardo is a Brazilian legislator residing in the United States, noted for his strong connection to US President Donald Trump.

Bolsonaro is currently on trial at the Supreme Court accused of leading an alleged attempt to stage a coup to overturn the 2022 election in which he was defeated by left-wing president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

“It is a supreme humiliation,” Bolsonaro told journalists in Brasilia after putting on the ankle monitoring.

“I never thought about leaving Brazil, I never thought about going to an embassy, but the precautionary measures are because of that.”

On Thursday, Trump wrote to Bolsonaro describing his ally’s treatment by the Brazilian legal system as terrible and unjust.

“This trial should end immediately!,” the US President said, adding that he “strongly voiced” his disapproval through his tariff policy.

On Friday, the US State Department announced visa restrictions on Brazilian judicial officials.

“President Trump made clear that his administration will hold accountable foreign nationals who are responsible for censorship of protected expression in the United States,” Secretary of State Marco Rubio said in a statement.

“Brazilian Supreme Federal Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes’s political witch hunt against Jair Bolsonaro created a persecution and censorship complex so sweeping that it not only violates basic rights of Brazilians, but also extends beyond Brazil’s shores to target Americans.

“I have therefore ordered visa revocations for Moraes and his allies on the court, as well as their immediate family members effective immediately,” Rubio said.

The Supreme Court’s restrictions on Bolsonaro are part of a second investigation against Eduardo for allegedly working with US authorities to impose sanctions against Brazilian officials.

Moraes, who is also the rapporteur of the case, said that the former president and his son’s recent actions were “blatant confessions of criminal conduct”, such as coercion during legal proceedings, obstruction of investigations and attacks on national sovereignty.

“Alexandre de Moraes doubled down,” Eduardo said on X, mentioning the order to the Supreme Court justice ahead of the criminal cases against his father.

His elder brother, Senator Flávio Bolsonaro, said on X: “Prohibiting a father from speaking to his own son is the greatest symbol of the hatred that has consumed Alexandre de Moraes.”

Live aerial footage from local broadcasters showed federal police vehicles outside Bolsonaro’s residence in Brasília.

Congressman Sóstenes Cavalcante, the leader of Bolsonaro’s party in the lower house, told The Associated Press that officers also searched Bolsonaro’s office at the party’s headquarters.

He described the operation as “another chapter in the persecution of conservatives and right-wing figures” in Brazil.

A lawyer for Bolsonaro did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

On Tuesday, Brazil’s Prosecutor-General Paulo Gonet said in a report to the Supreme Court that the “evidence is clear: the defendant acted systematically, throughout his mandate and after his defeat at the polls, to incite insurrection and the destabilisation of the democratic rule of law.”

Bolsonaro has described the trial on X as a “witch hunt”, echoing a term used by Trump when he came to his South American ally’s defence last week.

Last week, Trump imposed a 50 per cent import tax on Brazil, directly tying the tariffs to Bolsonaro’s trial.

The US president has hosted the former Brazilian president at his Mar-a-Lago resort when both were in power in 2020.

Trump compared the Brazilian’s situation to his own.

On Tuesday, speaking to reporters at the White House, Trump repeated the claim that the trial is a “witch hunt.”

A source at Brazil’s Supreme Court said some justices have already made it clear among themselves that US tariffs will have no effect on Bolsonaro’s trial, which is expected to resume between August and September.

The staffer spoke under condition of anonymity as they were not authorised to discuss the matter publicly.