ALEXANDRIA, Va. – In a significant courtroom showdown on Wednesday, former FBI Director James Comey will make another attempt to have his criminal case thrown out. His legal team is set to argue that the charges stem from a personal vendetta driven by former President Donald Trump’s animosity towards him.

These proceedings come on the heels of a critical moment for the Comey case. A judge recently delivered a stern rebuke to the Justice Department, raising doubts about the indictment’s future. Comey, who has consistently maintained his innocence, faces allegations of making false statements and obstructing Congress. He challenges not only the charges but also the legitimacy of the prosecution, claiming it was hastily orchestrated by a Trump-appointed prosecutor driven by the former president’s personal grievances.

Although motions claiming vindictive prosecution rarely succeed, Comey’s defense argues that this case is an exception. They describe it as the result of Trump’s desire for retribution against the man he once appointed as FBI director. The dismissal of Comey from his FBI post in May 2017, while he was leading an investigation into potential Russian ties with Trump’s 2016 campaign, marked the beginning of their public feud.

The enmity between Trump and Comey has been evident, with Trump repeatedly slamming Comey as “a weak and untruthful slime ball” and urging for his prosecution. This tension escalated with a social media post from Trump in September, where he pushed Attorney General Pam Bondi to take action against his political adversaries.

In a notable move that same evening, Trump appointed Lindsey Halligan, a White House aide lacking prosecutorial experience, as interim U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia. Halligan’s appointment came after the departure of a seasoned prosecutor who had not pursued charges against Comey or another Trump adversary, New York Attorney General Letitia James. Just days later, as the statute of limitations loomed, Halligan secured an indictment against Comey, further intensifying this legal drama.

Trump amplified his demands for Comey to be prosecuted with a September social media post in which he complained to Attorney General Pam Bondi about the lack of action against his political opponents. That night, he said he would appoint Lindsey Halligan, a White House aide with no prior prosecutorial experience, to the job of interim U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia. Halligan, who replaced a veteran prosecutor effectively forced from the job after not charging Comey or another Trump foe, New York Attorney General Letitia James, secured an indictment of Comey days later as the statute of limitations on the case was about to expire.

“Ample objective evidence — much of which comes directly from government officials’ own public statements and admissions — establishes that the government’s animus toward Mr. Comey led directly to this vindictive and selective prosecution,” Comey’s lawyers wrote in a motion filed last month.

The Justice Department has denied that the prosecution was vindictive or selective and insists that the allegations support the indictment.

The arguments Wednesday are being heard by U.S. District Judge Michael Nachmanoff. On Monday, a different judge, U.S. Magistrate William Fitzpatrick, lambasted Halligan for her handling of the case, citing what he said was a “disturbing pattern of profound investigative missteps” in the process of securing the indictment.