The 34-year-old from Joyner in Moreton Bay was stopped at Brisbane International Airport on June 26 upon returning from the US.
Authorities allege he was in possession of import-related information, including details for nine packages found to contain firearm parts.
The ABF turned the investigation over to the Australian Federal Police.
AFP officers claim the man sent weapon parts individually from the US, using false descriptions and fake names and addresses in Queensland and Victoria.
All nine packages were intercepted by the ABF before they could be delivered and sent to the AFP for analysis.
Police will allege the man was planning to assemble the guns and sell them nationally for $20,000 each.
He has been charged with nine counts of attempting to traffic firearm parts.
The man appeared in Brisbane Magistrates Court on June 27.
He was granted conditional bail and was scheduled to reappear in the same court today.
