Mothers and fathers who are fixated with ‘being special, exceptional and unique’ and who are in need of ‘admiration and praise’ are often dubbed ‘peacock parents’.

Another characteristic of the peacock parent is that they’re ‘absent emotionally’ and one leading psychologist says grown-ups exhibiting such behaviour could spark emotional issues for their children later in life.  

The phrase ‘peacock parent’ has grown in popularity thanks to UK-based psychotherapist Kathleen Saxton, whose memoir ‘My parent the peacock: Discovery and Recovery from Narcissistic Parenting’ is out in September. 

Peacock parents are generally understood to be attention-seeking, placing undue emphasis on being perceived as perfect and in control – and they expect their children to uphold that image through academic success or an immaculate appearance.

They may equally rely on their children to continuously indulge their need for admiration and praise at the expense of forming other close relationships.

Social media mindset and trauma coach Candice Tamara, whose viral TikTok video ‘4 signs you were raised by a narcissist parent’ has been viewed 249,600 times, agreed that narcissistic parents see their children as ‘an entitlement to them’. 

‘They will feel jealous when [their children] are with other people,’ she added. ‘Or, if [they’re] building a nice, happy relationship with other people, they will feel that jealousy.’ 

Peacock parents are undoubtedly aligned with the ‘grandiose narcissist’ archetype, which US clinical psychologist Dr Ramani says accounts for those who are ‘more showy, charming, charismatic, attention-seeking’, but a peacock parent’s narcissism also manifests in more subtle ways.

‘At the more extreme end, they become so self-focused that there is no space for any other focus,’ Dr Krause, who also lectures on adolescent and adult mental health, explained. 

‘If they do have a narcissistic personality disorder, their ability to relate to others in an empathetic way will be impacted because they don’t have the space to be able to think about or consider other people. 

‘Similarly, the way they behave won’t be considerate of other people because they’ll be prioritising themselves first and believing that they deserve that kind of value.

‘It will absolutely impact on parenting.’

When it comes to forming connections, a peacock parent will be ‘connected with themselves rather than others,’ Dr Krause added.  

Growing up with a peacock parent will, therefore, almost certainly affect a child’s early years – and, if they struggle to ‘stop and reflect’ as they get older, it may well shape their experience as a young adult.

Because children have different needs at different stages in their development, a parent’s narcissism could have a wide range of consequences for their offspring. 

‘For an infant or an early stages toddler, the main task in parenting is attachment – creating a healthy connection where the parent is in tune with their infant’s emotional needs and can make them feel safe with consistence,’ Dr Krause noted. 

Yet, creating a healthy connection with their little one would be ‘very difficult’ for parents who exhibit narcissistic traits.

‘It would be difficult for them to be consistent, so you can have attachment issues that could be formed early on,’ she added.

Later on, when infants move on to primary school, children will start learning about their emotions and how to express them. 

‘At this stage, you again need a parent who can understand feelings and help with the expression of those feelings, Dr Krause explained.

‘It may well be that that’s very difficult [for a narcissistic parent] because they will see those feelings as somehow relating to them, and that will make it very hard for a child to separate out their own emotions from their parents’ emotions. 

‘Depending on how extreme it is, you might have a child who struggles to understand their own emotions, maybe denies their own emotions, or starts to suppress them.’

Yet, for children with a peacock parent, the impact of their narcissism may well be felt even more strongly as they get older and there is more emphasis on socialising.  

Because the children of narcissistic parents have been shown a ‘one-sided model of connection’ when they start to encounter ‘sharing, empathy, kindness and consideration’ it may result in confusion. 

‘It might be that you end up with children who want to gain approval of other people or, alternatively, copy their parent in terms of feeling entitled,’ Dr Krause continued. 

And, when it comes to early adulthood, the child of a narcissist may encounter further problems. 

‘They may struggle with regards to the choices they make, they might override their own feelings to focus on the other person’s feelings or issues like perfectionism might crop up.’

Having been raised by a narcissistic parent, whose love might have appeared conditional on their meeting their mother or father’s changing expectations, the child ‘may feel like they need to be really perfect to gain the affection, attention or consideration of somebody else.’

Yet, Dr Krause was keen to point out that growing up with a peacock parent doesn’t have to negatively shape the rest of the child’s life – especially if there are other, more positive role models present. 

‘What you need is one really good, nurturing relationship, for example, a parent who models what a balanced, good relationship is like.’

She elaborated: ‘If you have a [another] parent who understands how to express emotions, if they provide lots of opportunities to make healthy relationships – or there are other healthy relationships – then there is definitely is opportunity to be able to contrast.’

And, even if that isn’t the case, children who have been negatively affected by a narcissistic parent, can still hope to develop into healthy adults.

‘It will probably take consistency of making good choices and knowing what good choices look like.’ Dr Krause said.  

Equally, therapy can help the children of a narcissistic parent ‘to set some boundaries and to think about what those boundaries look like.’

Dr Krause admitted that ‘boundary setting is very difficult for people who have got [narcissistic] of parents.’

And, in her viral video ‘4 signs you were raised by a narcissist parent’, TikTok mindset and trauma coach Candice Tamara also warned that this kind of parent may ‘make [their child] feel guilty for setting boundaries’. 

Dr Krause recommended setting limits on the time spent with the narcissistic parent, in terms of both the frequency of visits and the length of them. 

While ’emotional boundaries are the hardest to set’, they are just as important. 

A child of a narcissistic parent must also ‘stop and reflect’, taking time to notice if they’re ‘falling into the trap of constantly pleasing and denying their own feelings.’

And, since people tend to gravitate towards what they already know when we’re forming new relationships, those who have grown up with a narcissist should make a special effort to seek out people who are more balanced, she added.