The Israeli military commenced a ground offensive on Tuesday, focusing on Gaza City, the largest in Palestinian territory. As block after block suffers devastation from the Israel-Hamas war, remaining residents have been urged to evacuate southwards.

The intensifying push signals a further escalation in the Middle East conflict, with any hopes for a ceasefire seemingly more distant despite ongoing diplomatic efforts. Although the military has not specified a duration for the offensive, Israeli media speculate it might last for months.

Earlier, Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz stated “Gaza is burning” while experts from the UN’s Human Rights Council accused Israel of committing genocide in Gaza, joining a growing international outcry.

Israel fiercely rejected the claim, calling the experts’ report “distorted and false.”

In parallel, U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio departed Israel for Qatar to hold discussions with the ruling emir. Qatar remains outraged by Israel’s recent strike, which resulted in the deaths of five Hamas members and a local security official.

While Arab and Muslim nations condemned the strike at a recent summit without taking major action against Israel, Egypt notably heightened its rhetoric, labeling Israel as the “enemy” for the first time in years.

“We have a very short window of time in which a deal can happen,” Rubio said. “It’s a key moment – an important moment.”

Rubio said “a negotiated settlement” still remains the best option while acknowledging the dangers an intensified military campaign posed to Gaza.

Rubio remarked, “The only thing worse than a war is a protracted one that goes on indefinitely. There must be an end. Eventually, Hamas must be disarmed, ideally through negotiation, though time appears to be running short.”

Intensity of strikes in Gaza City grows

Katz had signaled earlier in the day the operation in Gaza City had begun.

“Gaza is burning,” he said. “We will not relent and we will not go back – until the completion of the mission.”

An Israeli military official, speaking on condition of anonymity in line with military guidelines, said that the “main phase” of the Gaza City operation had begun, with troops moving in from the city’s outskirts toward its center. Airstrikes have pounded Gaza City for some time in the leadup to the operation, knocking down towers in the city.

The official said the Israeli military believes there are approximately 2,000 to 3,000 Hamas militants left in Gaza City, as well as tunnels used by the militant group. The military estimates 350,000 people have left Gaza City – saying it was about one-third of the city’s population before the new ground offensive started.

That contradicted a U.N. estimate issued Monday that over 220,000 Palestinians have fled northern Gaza over the past month, after the Israeli military warned that all residents should leave Gaza City ahead of the operation. An estimated 1 million Palestinians were living in the region around Gaza City before the evacuation warnings.

At least 34 Palestinians killed in Gaza City

Palestinian residents reported heavy strikes across Gaza City on Tuesday morning.

By noon, the city’s Shifa Hospital had received the bodies of 34 people killed in the strikes, said Dr. Rami Mhanna, a hospital official. Dozens of wounded had also come into the facility, he said.

“A very tough night in Gaza,” Dr. Mohamed Abu Selmiyah, the hospital’s director, told The Associated Press. “The bombing did not stop for a single moment.”

The Israeli military did not respond to immediate requests for comment on the strikes but in the past has accused Hamas of building military infrastructure inside civilian areas, especially in Gaza City.

Families of hostages beg Netanyahu to halt the operation

Overnight, families of the hostages still being held in Gaza gathered outside of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s residence, pleading with him to stop the Gaza City operation.

Some pitched tents and slept outside his home in protest.

“I have one interest – for this country to wake up and bring back my child along with 47 other hostages, both living and deceased, and to bring our soldiers home,” Einav Zangauker, whose son Matan is being held in Gaza, shouted outside Netanyahu’s residence.

“If he stops at nothing and sends our precious, brave, heroic soldiers to fight while our hostages are being used as human shields – he is not a worthy prime minister,” Zangauker.

Israel believes around 20 of the 48 hostages still held by the militants in Gaza, including Matan, are alive. Hamas has said it will only free remaining hostages in return for Palestinian prisoners, a lasting ceasefire and an Israeli withdrawal from Gaza.

The war in Gaza began when Hamas-led militants stormed into southern Israel on Oct. 7, 2023, killing around 1,200 people, mostly civilians, and abducting 251. Most of the hostages have since been released in ceasefires brokered in part by Qatar or other deals.

Israel’s retaliatory offensive has killed at least 64,871 Palestinians, according to Gaza’s Health Ministry, which doesn’t say how many were civilians or combatants. The ministry, which is part of the Hamas-run government and staffed by medical professionals, says women and children make up around half the dead.

Egypt escalates its rhetoric against Israel

Egypt, which has had a peace deal with Israel for decades and has served as a mediator in the war in Gaza, appears to be losing its patience with Israel.

Egypt’s president, Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi, described Israel as “an enemy” in a fiery speech at the Qatar summit Monday. It was the first time an Egyptian leader used the term since the two countries established diplomatic ties in 1979, said Diaa Rashwan, head of Egyptian government’s State Information Service.

Egypt was the first Arab country to establish ties with Israel and their peace treaty is seen as a cornerstone for stability in the volatile region.

“Egypt is being threatened,” Rashwan told the state-run Extra News television late Monday.

El-Sissi’s “enemy” comment played prominently across Egyptian newspapers’ front pages on Tuesday and while Cairo has taken no steps to change its status with Israel, the Egyptian government likely is trying to signal just how seriously it takes Israel’s recent actions.