In a bold move, SpaceX has approached the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with a proposal to deploy an astronomical fleet of one million data center satellites into orbit. Although the FCC is unlikely to green-light such an immense network, SpaceX is known for its strategic approach of initially requesting approval for larger numbers than feasible, using it as a bargaining chip during negotiations.

The proposal outlines a futuristic vision of solar-powered data centers stationed in low Earth orbit, interconnected through laser communication. The ambitious project is described in almost science fiction-like terms, suggesting it could be a “first step towards achieving a Kardashev II-level civilization”—a society capable of harnessing the full power of the Sun.

Should even a fraction of these satellites be deployed, it would dramatically increase the number of human-made objects circling our planet. Currently, the European Space Agency estimates that there are about 15,000 satellites orbiting Earth, with the majority belonging to Starlink—more than 9,600, according to Johnathan’s Space Report.

This proposal comes amidst growing concerns from experts about space debris and the potential for orbital collisions. However, SpaceX argues that space-based data centers offer a more sustainable and cost-effective solution compared to traditional land-based centers, which are vital to the burgeoning AI industry. Unlike their terrestrial counterparts, these orbital centers wouldn’t deplete local water supplies, increase groundwater pollution, or spike electricity costs. Instead, they would dissipate heat into space and operate mainly on solar power supplemented by minimal battery use.

As public opposition to ground-based data centers intensifies, with communities increasingly succeeding in halting their construction, it’s unsurprising that leading AI firms are exploring space as a viable alternative—an environment devoid of local communities to contend with.

Correction January 31st: The original article inaccurately stated there were over 11,000 Starlink satellites currently in orbit. This figure included those that had been decommissioned. The correction now accurately reflects the number of active Starlink satellites in orbit.