These cuts are part of President Trump’s upcoming year’s budget plan. It would reduce the ISS fund by $508 million, limiting crew numbers and concentrating the “diminished research capacity…on crucial efforts for Moon and Mars exploration programs.” Additionally, it proposes a $2.265 billion reduction for space science missions, including the discontinuation of missions like the Mars Sample Return, as it asserts that the mission’s goals would be met through human exploration of Mars.

Simultaneously, the budget proposal allocates $1 billion to “Mars-focused programs,” though it doesn’t specify exact allocation details. According to The New York Times, it is expected that SpaceX will “likely” pursue NASA funding to support an uncrewed Starship mission to Mars, which Musk has claimed may launch next year. Furthermore, $7 billion is earmarked for lunar exploration but includes a suggestion to replace NASA’s SLS rocket and Orion capsule with commercial alternatives in the future. The Lunar Gateway program would also be concluded after the Artemis III mission, per NASA’s plans.

The plan cuts $1.161 billion from earth sciences, eliminating funding for things like “low-priority climate monitoring satellites.” And it would slash $346 million in spending on “climate-focused ’green aviation’” in favor of air traffic control and defense spending, as well as $143 million in STEM engagement programs.

Casey Dreier, chief of space policy at space exploration advocate nonprofit Planetary Society, told The New York Times that the proposal is “the largest single-year cut to NASA in American history” and that it signals that “America is done leading the world in space, that we are a nation turning inward.”