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Left, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court Samuel Alito. (Image via YouTube screengrab/The Heritage Foundation.) Right, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court Clarence Thomas.
(Image via YouTube/Library of Congress.)
Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas penned and Justice Samuel Alito joined a dissent on Monday in a case about a Virginia Tech University policy for âbias intervention and response,â urging fellow justices to âresolveâ once and for all the âhigh-stakes issueâ of whether âbias-reporting schemesâ tend to âobjectively chill studentsâ speech.â
The dissent came at the end of an orders list, where SCOTUS granted Speech First, Inc.âs petition for a writ of certiorari but vacated the judgment below and âremanded to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit with instructions to dismiss those claims as moot,â since the university changed its policy before the petition was filed. Thomas and Alito joined together to say they would have granted the petition and heard the case, calling it a âhigh-stakes issue for our Nationâs system of higher education.â
Justice Thomas, noting that Speech First likened âbias reporting schemesâ on campus to âa literal speech police,â said the petition âraises an important question affecting universities nationwide.â
âI have serious concerns that bias response policies, such as Virginia Techâs, objectively chill studentsâ speech,â he wrote, especially in light of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuitâs holding that the Virginia Tech âbias responseâ policy in question did not chill speech because the university lacked âauthority to discipline or otherwise punish students and the implementation of the policy is not so heavyhanded that it deters studentsâ speech.â
For Justices Thomas and Alito, âit is at least a close question whether âstudents [may] self-censor, fearing the consequences of a report to [the bias response team] and thinking that speech is no longer worth the trouble.”â
More Law&Crime coverage: Justice Clarence Thomas suggests SCOTUS will âsoon have no choiceâ but to rein in ability of âdominant digital platformsâ to moderate speech online
The dissent included examples of âbias incidentsâ reported by students and said that the âexpansive policy has prompted students to report any and all perceived slightsâ:
For example, one report was submitted when âa student in a University residence hall overheard several male students privately talking crap about the women who were playing in a snowball fight, calling them not âathletic.’â Speech First, Inc. v. Sands, 2021 WL 4315459, *10 (WD Va., Sept. 22, 2021) (some internal quotation marks and alteration omitted). Another person submitted a report after someone âobserved the words Saudi Arabia on the white board of [a] roomââdespite acknowledging that â[i]t was unclear what the motive or complete message of the text originally was.â ecl. of C. Norris in No. 7:21âcvâ 00203 (WD Va., Apr. 12, 2021), ECF Doc. 4â2, p. 123. Other universities with bias response policies have received similar reports. See, e.g., App. in No. 21â2061 (CA4), at 254 (explaining that Ohio State University received a report for âa chalk message stating âBuild the Wall’â); id., at 252 (highlighting that Texas Tech University received a report for a student group tweeting ââAll lives donât matter . . . #BlackLivesMatter’â).
Thomas wrote that he would have taken up the case because unless and until a circuit split is resolved âthere will be a patchwork of First Amendment rights on college campuses,â where some students in America can challenge âbias reporting schemesâ and others âhave no recourse and are potentially pressured to avoid controversial speech to escape their universitiesâ scrutiny and condemnation.â
Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson dissented, noting that she would have denied the petition.
Read the dissent here.