Groups like Antifa and similar left-wing anarchist organizations assert they lack formal structure, instead presenting themselves as independent antifascists uniting for protests. 

However, Antifa itself has chapters, most notably Rose City Antifa in Portland and Atlanta Antifascists. 

The Trump administration has vowed to crack down on Antifa groups, and recently declared Antifa a domestic terror organization via executive order. 

“Antifa is described as a militaristic, anarchist endeavor intent on toppling the United States Government, law enforcement, and legal systems,” the order declares. “Its strategy employs unlawful methods to orchestrate and carry out a national campaign of violence and terrorism to achieve these aims.”

“Individuals tied to Antifa collaborate with various groups and bodies to propagate, instigate, and promote political violence, aiming to silence lawful political discourse,” the executive order highlights. “This orchestrated campaign aims to achieve political objectives through coercion and intimidation, classifying it as domestic terrorism.”

Dixon and UNC did not return requests for comment. Neither did IWW, Muslims for Social Justice or Ready the Ground. 

APOC and The Raqqa Society could not be reached for comment. 

Harvard declined to comment.