Perpetrators of domestic violence are exploiting their victims’ vehicles, utilizing them to commit “insidious, damaging, and dangerous” acts.

Julie Inman Grant, the eSafety Commissioner, has issued a caution regarding the vulnerabilities of smart cars—vehicles equipped with internet connectivity. She highlighted the alarming trend of this advanced technology being misused.

“Modern cars are essentially computers on wheels, and we must ensure they don’t become weapons on wheels,” she emphasized.

Abusers have been manipulating these vehicles to intimidate, track, and harass victims in various ways. Tactics include locking victims in or out of the car and implementing geofenced kill switches that disable the vehicle if it leaves a designated area.

“It’s possible to remotely control, lock, or start the vehicle, and even prevent an electric vehicle from charging,” noted Inman Grant.

“These troubling practices are being reported by frontline domestic violence workers, affecting women across Australia today,” she added.

“The problem with smart cars and geofencing and kill switches is it’s a fairly sophisticated use of technology, and a woman might not know what is happening to her; she might think she’s running out of gas or running out of power.”

She also pointed to an example in California that led to new laws that force manufacturers to disable certain connectivity features within two days of receiving a complaint from a victim.

“This isn’t actually a new form of weaponisation,” she said.

“There was a case in San Francisco with Tesla X in 2016 where a man kept threatening a woman to bludgeon her with a metal baseball bat and she came into her car one day and that baseball bat was in the back.

“So she went to Tesla to try and figure out what was happening with the telematics and because his name was on the ownership document, they wouldn’t turn off the system.”

More than nine in every 10 cars sold in Australia will have built-in internet connectivity by early next decade.

It’s not just the convenience of smart cars that has been exploited by domestic violence perpetrators, though, with a wide span of devices ranging from smartwatches to phones, speakers and even app-enabled e-bikes having been used to abuse victims.

Inman Grant and federal Social Services Minister Tanya Plibersek said it was crucial that the companies behind the products acted to ensure they cannot be weaponised.

“When there’s family or domestic violence, or sexual violence, technology-facilitated abuse can be insidious and damaging and dangerous,” Plibersek said, adding that “it is very difficult to legislate as fast as these innovations are occurring”.

“It is very important that companies themselves build this consideration into the design of their products.”

However, the eSafety commissioner said governments will likely need to act to force manufacturers to prevent their products from being weaponised.

“Just like the initial seatbelt had to be voted on by parliaments all over the globe to be embedded, we may need to see a second seatbelt moment for car manufacturers now that these are becoming more like computers,” Inman Grant said.