Syrian Government Begins Evacuation of Bedouin Families from Sweida to Resolve Weeklong Clashes

BUSRA AL-HARIR – On Monday, the Syrian government began the process of evacuating Bedouin families who had been trapped in the city of Sweida, an area where Druze militiamen and Bedouin fighters had been engaged in clashes for more than a week.

The conflict between the Druze religious minority militias and Sunni Muslim clans resulted in hundreds of casualties and posed a significant threat to Syria’s delicate postwar recovery. This violence sparked targeted sectarian attacks against the Druze community, which then prompted retaliatory strikes against the Bedouins. The U.N. International Organization for Migration reported that approximately 128,571 individuals were displaced due to the hostilities that erupted from a series of mutual kidnappings and assaults over the past week.

Additionally, Israel conducted numerous airstrikes in the Druze-majority Sweida province, aiming at government forces that were perceived to have aligned themselves with the Bedouins.

Syrian state media said early Sunday that the government had coordinated with some officials in Sweida to bring in buses to evacuate some 1,500 Bedouins in the city. Syrian Interior Minister Ahmad al-Dalati told SANA that the initiative will also allow displaced civilians from Sweida to return, as the fighting has largely stopped and efforts for a complete ceasefire are ongoing.

“We have imposed a security cordon in the vicinity of Sweida to keep it secure and to stop the fighting there,’ al-Dalati told the Syrian state-run news agency. ”This will preserve the path that will lead to reconciliation and stability in the province.”

Buses filled with Bedouin families were accompanied by Syrian Arab Red Crescent vehicles and ambulances. Some families left on trucks with their belongings.

Syrian authorities did not give further details about the evacuation and how it ties into the broader agreement, following failed talks for a hostage swap deal Saturday.

However, Britain-based war monitor the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said that as part of the agreement, the Bedouin fighters would have to release Druze women they were holding captive, and leave the province.

The Bedouin fighters had withdrawn from Sweida city Sunday, and alongside other tribesman from other parts of the country stood on the outskirts while security forces cordoned off the area. An aid convoy of some 32 Red Crescent vehicles entered the city, though a government delegation with another aid convoy was turned away.

After talks for a hostage swap fell through late Sunday, the Observatory and activist groups in Sweida reported hearing what they said were Israeli airstrikes and helicopters over villages where some skirmishes took place between the Bedouins and Druze militias.

The Israeli military said it was “not aware” of any overnight strikes in Syria.

Syrian interim President Ahmad al-Sharaa has tried to appeal to the Druze community while slamming the factions loyal to spiritual leader Sheikh Hikmat al-Hijri who have been involved in the clashes. He promised to hold accountable perpetrators of targeted attacks and other violations.

The country’s Druze community largely celebrated the downfall of the Assad family that ended decades of tyrannical rule. While they had concerns about Al-Sharaa’s de facto Islamist rule, a large number wanted to approach matters diplomatically.

Al-Hijri and his supporters, though, have taken a more confrontational approach with Al-Sharaa, contrary to most other influential Druze figures. Critics also note al-Hijri’s previous allegiance to Assad.

However, the numerous cases of sectarian attacks, which included killing Druze civilians and desecrating photos of religious notables, have made the Druze more skeptical of Al-Sharaa and less optimistic of peaceful coexistence.

More than half of the roughly 1 million Druze worldwide live in Syria. Most of the other Druze live in Lebanon and Israel, including in the Golan Heights, which Israel captured from Syria in the 1967 Mideast War and annexed in 1981.

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Chehayeb reported from Beirut. Associated Press writer Tia Goldenberg in Tel Aviv, Israel, contributed to this report.