The global gold market took an unexpected hit on July 31, 2025, when U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) imposed tariffs on one-kilogram gold bars, a decision that went against earlier White House guidance and pushed prices higher.

Why it matters: The recent tariff adjustment by the CBP is influencing the $3 trillion gold market, particularly impacting Switzerland’s refining business and triggering fluctuations in gold prices. Since August 11, 2025, the changes have drawn attention from traders and officials who are eager to grasp the full implications.

Driving the news: The Financial Times report states that the CBP’s decision now places one-kilogram and 100-ounce gold bars under customs code 7108.13.5500, imposing a 39% duty. This comes despite April 2025’s statement from the White House, which implied there would be an exemption for such items.

• Gold futures in New York hit $3,560 per troy ounce on August 8, with December contracts $100 above the London spot benchmark, per TradeAlgo.
• Swiss President Karin Keller-Sutter visited Washington on August 7 but couldn’t meet with President Trump, leaving her country’s $10 billion U.S. export market in question.
• The White House said on August 8 it would issue an executive order to address the tariff situation, according to the Financial Times.

Catch up quick: The year 2025 has already seen variations in gold prices due to various global and economic influences. Although Trump’s trade policies have historically included tariffs on a variety of goods, the CBP’s unexpected decision to impose tariffs on these standard gold bar sizes used on the Comex exchange has taken the industry by surprise.

The intrigue: Since the tariff stems from the CBP rather than a direct mandate from the White House, there is growing curiosity around the rationale behind this decision. Many are seeking clarity on why there seems to be a discrepancy with earlier guidance provided in April.

Background details: The CBP’s tariff emerges from reclassifying gold bars from a previously duty-free category to one now subject to a 39% levy. This has caught many off guard, as the expectation, based on previous statements, was for gold to remain duty-free.

Market Reaction to the Change

The gold market reacted quickly to the CBP’s announcement, with prices increasing to $3,560 per ounce on August 8 in New York before dropping to $3,460 following the White House’s hint at potential clarification, as reported by the Financial Times. Robert Gottlieb, a former JPMorgan Chase precious metals trader, commented on the surprise, stating, “Gold moves constantly between central banks and reserves worldwide. We never imagined it would be hit with a tariff,” highlighting the shock of the decision.

Asian refineries stopped sending gold to the U.S., impacting the $500 million monthly trade of one-kilogram bars, according to TradeAlgo. The London Bullion Market Association sought clarity on August 8, noting potential issues with the London-New York gold link. David Wilson from BNP Paribas SA remarked, “This is a dramatic change, and some think it could be a mistake on CBP’s part,” indicating the uncertainty.

Effect on Switzerland

Switzerland, a key player in gold refining, felt the impact. The country exports about $10 billion in gold to the U.S. annually, mainly in one-kilogram bars, now subject to the tariff. The Swiss Association of Manufacturers and Traders in Precious Metals stated on August 8 that this could affect global gold movement. Keller-Sutter’s trip to Washington didn’t yield a meeting with Trump, pointing to the challenge posed by the CBP’s action.

Possible Workarounds and Upcoming Developments

Some are considering options, like importing 400-ounce bars—which might avoid the tariff—and reshaping them in the U.S., a refinery manager told TradeAlgo. This could help manage costs but might alter supply chains. The White House’s planned executive order, noted on August 8, could change or uphold the CBP’s ruling, but no final decision has been released as of August 11.

If the tariff continues, it might lead to more refining in the U.S. Central banks, holding $2 trillion in gold reserves, could adjust their approaches, influencing market patterns. The next step depends on the executive order’s details.

Context of the CBP Decision

The tariff stemmed from CBP’s classification, not Trump’s direct policy. The April White House statement had suggested gold would be exempt, making the July CBP move stand out.

An X thread from Ann Vandersteel stated, “The gold tariff panic was made in a CBP office, not the Oval Office. The President’s team is now cleaning up the mess,” highlighting the agency’s role.

Trump’s trade efforts have included tariffs on various goods with exemptions like copper, but CBP’s action shows how agency decisions can shape markets differently. As of August 11, 2025, this reflects the layered nature of trade policy.

Looking Forward

The CBP’s tariff on one-kilogram gold bars has stirred the market as of August 11, 2025. With Switzerland impacted, shipments paused, and an executive order pending, the industry is watching for updates. This agency-led shift continues to influence the gold trade’s path.