Heart attack and heart failure are two heart conditions that can have life-threatening consequences. Heart attack is when there is a loss of blood supply to the heart, while heart failure is when the heart is unable to pump blood around the body efficiently.

Early intervention can be critical in the case of heart-related emergencies like these. One way for this to happen is to recognise when symptoms are serious.

As a Consultant Cardiothoracic Surgeon at St Bartholomew’s Hospital London, Mr Shyam Kolvekar is well versed in the warning signs of a serious heart issue.

According to Mr Kolvekar there are nine to look out for:

1. Chest pain or discomfort

Severe chest pain, pressure, squeezing, or tightness that may radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, back, or stomach could signal a heart attack or unstable angina.

2. Shortness of breath

Sudden and severe shortness of breath, especially if it occurs at rest or with minimal exertion, may be a sign of a heart attack, heart failure, or pulmonary embolism.

3. Persistent nausea or vomiting

Unexplained nausea or vomiting, especially when accompanied by other heart-related symptoms, could be indicative of a heart attack.

4. Pain or discomfort in the upper body

Discomfort, pain, or pressure in the arms (especially the left arm), back, neck, jaw, or stomach may be associated with a heart attack.

5. Irregular heartbeat or palpitations

Rapid, irregular heartbeats or a fluttering sensation in the chest may suggest an arrhythmia, which can be serious and may require immediate attention.

6. Sudden dizziness or lightheadedness

A sudden onset of severe dizziness or lightheadedness, especially if it is accompanied by other symptoms, may indicate a heart issue.

7. Cold sweats

Profuse sweating, particularly cold and clammy sweats, can be a sign of a heart attack and should not be ignored.

8. Swelling in the legs or abdomen

Sudden or severe swelling in the legs, ankles, or abdomen may be a sign of heart failure.

9. Extreme fatigue

Unexplained and severe fatigue, especially if it occurs with other symptoms, may be a sign of heart failure or other heart-related issues.

These symptoms can vary in intensity and may not always be present in the same way, said Mr Kolvekar.

He added: “Remember, timely medical attention can make a significant difference in outcomes.”

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They accepted the challenge from the global medtech provider Getinge to create a cookbook that not only celebrates the physical and mental dexterity of both doctor and chef, but also serves as a unique training tool for heart surgeons, no matter what stage of their career. To find out more visit