Mexico’s Disappeared: A City’s Silent Protest and Families’ Fight Against Erasure

GUADALAJARA – In Mexico’s bustling second-largest city, the streets tell a poignant story through the faces of the missing.

Buildings, monuments, and everyday fixtures like lamp posts and bus stops are adorned with countless fliers bearing messages such as “We miss you,” “Have you seen her?” and “We’re looking for you.”

In the heart of Guadalajara, these posters are part of the city’s landscape. Workers scurry past, basketball players shoot hoops amidst them, and cars navigate the city’s streets flanked by these reminders.

These fliers reflect the grim reality of Jalisco, a state at the epicenter of Mexico’s forced disappearance crisis.

Jalisco, recently rocked by violence following the death of a major cartel figure known as “El Mencho,” records a staggering 12,500 cases of missing persons, placing it among the states hardest hit by this crisis.

Families of the missing, who hang these fliers in hopes of finding their loved ones, now face a new challenge. As Guadalajara prepares to host the FIFA World Cup in June, authorities are reportedly working to remove these signs. Amidst ongoing cartel violence that has hindered search efforts, some local legislators are advancing a proposal to facilitate the removal of these poignant reminders.

“They don’t want people coming to the World Cup, people coming from abroad, to see” the fliers, said Carmen López, a woman looking for her brother and nephew, who went missing in two separate incidents. “It’s not in their interest, because they would get their hands dirty. It makes the government look bad in front of the entire world.”

Mexico’s missing

Mexico has nearly 131,000 missing people, enough to fill a small city. Forcibly disappearing people has long been a tactic by cartels to consolidate control through terror while also concealing homicide numbers.

For many, the forced disappearance crisis is emblematic of the lack of justice and deep levels of corruption that continue to permeate Mexico, especially stark in states like Jalisco.

Families like López’s often take matters into their own hands, organizing searches for dead bodies and hanging fliers in an attempt to continue their efforts and put pressure on local authorities.

“Little-by-little it kills a part of your soul. They don’t only disappear your loved one, but also you as a father, or as a mother along with them,” said Héctor Flores, a leader of one of Jalisco’s many search groups, Luz de Esperanza, or Light of Hope.

Families fight for visibility

Flores started hanging fliers in Guadalajara after his 19-year-old son was forcibly disappeared by agents from the Jalisco state prosecutor’s office. The 2021 forced disappearance was later recognized by a Mexican court, pushing Flores to form the collective of 500 families investigating disappearances of relatives.

His collective goes into the streets of Jalisco’s capital and hangs anywhere between 2,000 and 5,000 fliers every weekend. The signs show the smiling faces of everyone from teenage girls to middle-aged men, and provide identifying details like tattoos as well as the date and location of where they went missing.

Search collectives are almost constantly hanging signs because the posters are regularly taken down.

“This is an act of searching in real time, with the hope that people who see these ID cards, they can provide us with information that will help us locate our families,” Flores said. “It’s also an act of visibility.”

Concerns over ban

Families now worry they will face more hurdles in the wake of the cartel violence this week that has raised security concerns ahead of the summer’s World Cup.

In December, lawmakers proposed modifications to a bill originally intended to protect the fliers from being taken down. Local politicians attempted to modify the legislation in a way families fear creates prohibited public spaces for hanging the posters.

Carmen López, Flores and other relatives say the local government is trying to whitewash the issue of the missing ahead of the global sporting event. They say it follows years of efforts by authorities to downplay the depth of Mexico’s disappearance crisis.

“We’re aware that the city doesn’t look beautiful because of the search IDs, but they’re not trash,” said López, who wore a shirt with the faces of her two missing family members. “But what are we supposed to do? We’re doing everything in our power to find them.”

The modification was pushed by state legislator Norma López, a member of President Claudia Sheinbaum’s Morena party, and a number of other lawmakers.

The state lawmaker in an interview with The Associated Press on Thursday denied the accusation and said it was “bad interpretation” of the proposal by search groups, and that she wanted to defend families searching for their lost loved ones. She said one of her own relatives was also disappeared.

She said if passed, the law would allow posters to be taken down inside spaces like public universities, the state legislature, the Supreme Court, museums, churches and more without penalty. She said they were already allowed in other places.

“My proposal is not a basis for banning them,” she said. “We are all concerned about what is happening in Jalisco. The disappearances also pain me.”

Jalisco on alert

Mexican authorities have been grappling with scrutiny over Guadalajara’s ability to host World Cup matches.

Sheinbaum has vowed this week there was “no risk” for visitors, but on Thursday the Diving World Cup set to be held in a Guadalajara suburb in March was canceled over security concerns. Earlier in the week the Portuguese soccer federation said it was “closely monitoring the delicate situation” ahead of a friendly match against Mexico’s national team in Mexico City.

Meanwhile, some search groups in Jalisco say they have had to suspend investigating potential clandestine grave sites because Mexico’s federal government told them that security forces that provide protection to teams cannot help temporarily due to the violence.

Mexico’s National Search Commission for the disappeared did not respond to a request for comment.

Flores’ group and others have reported that they have already had to cancel search operations in grave sites around Guadalajara, leaving many feeling like justice is even further out of reach than before.

The tally of missing continues to grow hour by hour. Residents in the city passing by signs on their daily commutes don’t look twice.

“Now, it’s just normal,” said Jacinto González, 47, strolling by hundreds of signs plastered on a wall Wednesday.

After a few minutes of chatting, he added casually that his sister-in-law went missing six years ago.

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Associated Press journalist Alexis Triboulard contributed to this report.

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