Ongoing conflict in the Middle East has led to a significant disruption in oil supply routes, prompting urgent revisions to the federal budget.

Prior to this turmoil, where approximately 20% of the world’s oil is transported through a crucial waterway, the focus was on fiscal restraint and reform aimed at strengthening Australia’s financial outlook.

In response to the crisis, the government has opted to temporarily slash fuel taxes by half, a move designed to alleviate the burden of soaring petrol and diesel costs, though it comes with a $2.5 billion impact on the national budget.

“They’re facing a delicate balancing act,” stated Alison Reeve, director of the energy and climate change program at the Grattan Institute.

Reeve highlighted the challenge of addressing the crisis while ensuring that the allocation of funds does not exacerbate inflationary pressures.

Moreover, she noted that failing to provide adequate support to affected communities could result in significant political fallout.

‘No sanctions can be applied to wind’

There have been calls from the federal Opposition and others to fast-track mining exploration but Reeve says policymakers should be focused on cutting dependence on imported fuels via electrification and renewables.

Climate Change and Energy Minister Chris Bowen broadly agrees.

“No war can impede the flow of sun to Australia,” he told reporters on Monday.

“No sanctions can be applied to wind.”

Unveiling a four-point budget plan to “Trump-proof” the Australian economy from the energy crisis last week, Climate Council chief executive Amanda McKenzie urged the government to steer clear of short-term fixes.

“It needs to meet the moment by reducing reliance on fossil fuels and investing in reliable, affordable Australian power from the sun, wind and batteries.”

Decarbonising transport

Transport is a prime opportunity to lighten imported fuel dependence.

Electric vehicles are already freeing up almost 15 million litres of petrol and diesel every week and EV interest has exploded since the war began, with sales surging for new and second-hand cars.

Yet rumoured tax settings tweaks have electric vehicle advocates concerned the pace of adoption could be weakened at a time when momentum is needed most

Recent remarks from Transport Minister Catherine King suggest the well-signposted introduction of road-user charge — which would charge motorists per kilometre driven — may be put off as the government shies from any potential disincentive to immediate EV uptake.

A rework of the fringe benefits tax discount, which allows salary packaging for electric cars, has also reportedly been on the cards.

Reeve says there is a case for restructuring the discount settings to lower costs and improve equity without abolishing them altogether.

Freight has also dominated headlines as punishingly high diesel costs squeeze the sector and add to grocery and goods transport costs.

Charging infrastructure along busy freight corridors would be an attractive candidate for additional government support, Reeve says, as well as low-cost financing options to help owner-drivers purchase electric trucks.

Mining machinery is also heavily reliant on imported fuels.

Mining companies and other off-site diesel users are entitled to exemptions on diesel excise, a credit scheme initially set up in recognition the revenue raised at the pump would fund public roads.

Yet the Australian Council of Trade Unions and other groups argue the credit allowance is too generous and creates little incentive for miners to electrify.

Australian National University professor of engineering Andrew Blakers says reworking the tax exemptions could nudge more miners in the direction spearheaded by Fortescue, the iron ore giant pursuing aggressive cuts to onsite diesel use.

“Fifty per cent of new truck sales in China are electric,” he tells AAP.

“All this nonsense about the electric trucks not being ready is plain wrong.”

Australia’s transition to a renewable energy grid.

Australia is already making inroads into its broader transition to a grid powered largely to renewables.

Yet Blakers flags areas demanding further attention, including additional large-scale pumped hydro projects to provide storage for an electrifying economy.

Electrify Armidale convenor Trevor Brown wants a federal budget that does more for households locked out of home electrification and solar.

Schemes such as the wildly successful home battery program, for example, could do more to include low-income households and renters, he says.

Government-supported local energy hubs would also be useful for regional areas with knowledge gaps.

“It’s really mostly about educating, initially,” he says.

“If we can encourage households to insulate and not leave their oven doors open all day and all night, to stop these huge electricity bills they can’t afford.”

Gas industry tax plan under fire

Ahead of the federal budget due on 12 May, gas exports have emerged as a prominent battleground.

Unions, the Greens and crossbenchers have been calling for higher taxes on LNG to capture more of the conflict-driven windfall profits.

Gas industry group Australian Energy Producers has been spearheading the defence.

It argues that it would drive investment offshore and jeopardise future energy supply at a time of global uncertainty.

It should be noted that the prime minister’s department has reportedly ordered Treasury modelling of “new levy options” on the gas industry.

However, Resources Minister Madeleine King has also flagged the huge sums of private capital invested in gas projects that also supply the domestic market.

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