According to South Korea’s energy minister, the ongoing conflict in Iran is acting as a critical catalyst for the nation to pivot from oil towards renewable energy sources.

During a conversation with CNBC’s Lisa Kim, Kim Sung-hwan, South Korea’s Minister of Climate, Energy, and Environment, emphasized a “growing national consensus” on the necessity of a comprehensive energy overhaul.

South Korea has pledged to boost its renewable energy capacity to 100 gigawatts by 2030. Presently, the nation has achieved a renewable capacity of 37 gigawatts, as reported by the Renewable Energy Institute.

Minister Kim indicated that the primary focus will be on expanding wind and solar energy to meet this ambitious target.

South Korea derived only about 9% of its power needs from renewables in 2025, mostly from solar, according to IEA data.

“Since wind power takes considerable time from preparation to actual generation, we will try our best while focusing on solar power as the most effective solution in the short term,” Kim said.

When asked if the country experiences enough sunlight to generate the required solar power, Kim expressed confidence. Seoul receives an average of 2,148 hours of sunshine annually, and Kim said provinces such as South Jeolla and Jeju Island receive 100 hours more than the capital. He contrasted that with Germany, saying South Korea was “in a much better position” than Europe.

Kim acknowledged that South Korea’s solar-related industries have shrunk considerably due to China dominating the market for solar components, but said his country possesses “substantial technological prowess in this field,” and Seoul will ensure that subsidies are directed toward fostering and protecting the domestic solar industry.

“By structuring solar power profits to benefit our own citizens, we can turn this challenge into a blessing in disguise,” he said.

A report from South Korean news outlet Chosun Ilbo said the market share of Chinese solar cells in South Korea surpassed 95% in 2024, up from 38% in 2019. South Korea’s domestic share, in contrast, fell from 50% in 2019 to just 4% in 2024.

According to data from the China Photovoltaic Industry Association, China produced 93.2 % of the world’s polysilicon, 96.6% of wafers, 92.3% of photovoltaic (PV) cells, and 86.4% of PV modules in 2024.

However, South Korea still needs to deal with the near-term energy fallout from the Iran war.

Kim said Seoul would delay by around six months the closure of two coal-fired power plants that had been expected to shutter in June, and restart one of its nuclear power plants in an effort to reduce the demand for natural gas. Increased gas prices feed into higher electricity production costs.

The country has committed 22 million barrels of oil to the International Energy Agency’s release effort, although the minister said there are currently no plans to release these reserves immediately as the situation has not had a “direct or significant impact on supply and demand.”

South Korea, Asia’s fourth-largest economy, imports 94% of its energy, according to a 2024 report from the Korea Energy Statistics Information Systems, and almost 72% of its crude oil comes from the Middle East.

In late March, Seoul approved a supplementary budget worth 26.2 trillion won ($17.6 billion) to ease the burden of rising energy prices on households and industries, as well as imposing a price cap on fuel products.

To reduce energy demand, the capital has also reportedly implemented a rotating parking system for public car parks, and public sector workers’ vehicles will be banned from parking every other day based on license plate numbers.

Kim told CNBC the impact hasn’t quite reached the point where electricity rates need to be raised, saying an electricity price hike materializes about three to six months after oil and gas prices rise.

“That said, the situation is difficult to predict. We will closely monitor the situation in June and July and carefully devise various mechanisms to prevent electricity price hikes,” he added.