Here’s a look at what went wrong, what’s been done to address problems and the questions still unanswered.
WASHINGTON — The attempt on Donald Trump’s life during a campaign event in Pennsylvania became a combination of failures that enabled 20-year-old Michael Thomas Crooks to climb a nearby building and fire eight shots at Trump.
In the incident, one attendee was killed, two others injured, and a bullet harmlessly grazed Trump’s ear before a Secret Service sniper took down Crooks. This event not only shook up an already tumultuous presidential race but also reinforced Trump’s renowned status within his party and beyond.
Moreover, it was a pivotal moment for the agency charged with presidential security. As more information about the incident surfaced, numerous questions arose: How did the Secret Service’s planning fall short? Why wasn’t a rooftop with a clear view of Trump secured? What drove the shooter to act?
Another incident in September where a gunman camped in the shrubbery outside one of Trump’s golf courses before being spotted and shot at by a Secret Service agent also raised questions about the agency’s performance.
A year after Butler, multiple investigations have detailed the breakdowns that day. Under a new leader hired by Trump, the agency has been pushing to address those problems but key questions remain.
“This was a wake-up call for the Secret Service,” said retired supervisory agent Bobby McDonald, who’s now a criminal justice lecturer at the University of New Haven.
A Senate committee and federal auditing agency over the weekend released reports about the Secret Service’s actions.
Here’s a look at what went wrong, what’s been done to address problems and the questions still unanswered.
How’d he get on that roof? Who was talking to who?
All the investigations zeroed in on a few specific problems.
The building with a clear sight line to the stage where the president was speaking only 135 meters (157 yards) away was left unguarded. Crooks eventually boosted himself up there and fired eight shots with an AR-style rifle.
The Secret Service’s investigation into its own agency’s conduct said that it wasn’t that the line-of-sight risks weren’t known about ahead of time. It was that multiple personnel assessed them as “acceptable.”
Supervisors had expected large pieces of farm equipment would be situated to block the view from the building. Those ultimately weren’t placed, and staffers who visited the site before the rally didn’t tell their supervisors that the line-of-sight concerns hadn’t been addressed, the report said.
Another glaring problem: fragmented communications between the Secret Service and the local law enforcement that the agency regularly relies on to secure events.
Instead of having one unified command post with representatives from every agency providing security in the same room, there were two command posts at the rally. One investigation described a “chaotic mixture” of radio, cell phone, text, and email used to communicate that day.
And a year later, the investigations are still coming.
“There were multiple, unacceptable failures in the planning and execution of the July 13 Butler rally,” said the Senate Committee on Homeland Security & Governmental Affairs in a report released Sunday.
The committee found that the agency denied “multiple requests for additional staff, assets, and resources to protect President Trump” during the presidential campaign. The committee said that included at least two requests for the Butler rally.
The agency’s former director, Kim Cheatle, last year told a House panel before she resigned that the agency didn’t deny any requests for the rally.
In a statement released Sunday in response to the Senate report, Cheatle said, “For the Butler rally, I actually did direct additional assets to be provided, particularly in the form of agency countersnipers.”
Another report by the Government Accountability Office requested by Republican Iowa Sen. Chuck Grassley criticized the agency’s practices for sharing threat information. That report said senior-level agency officials knew of a specific threat to Trump in the days leading up to the rally. It wasn’t specific to the rally but it wasn’t shared with the agents or local law enforcement planning for it.
The report said the lack of information-sharing was due to the agency’s “siloed information sharing practices.” The report didn’t offer details on the threat although reporting at the time indicated that a threat to Trump’s life from Iran prompted additional security in the days before the Butler rally.
‘Ensure such an event can never be repeated’
The agency said Sunday that following the assassination attempt, they took a “serious look” at their operations and have undergone significant reforms to address what happened that day.
Earlier this week the agency issued its own report Thursday about what it has done.
“Since President Trump appointed me as director of the United States Secret Service, I have kept my experience on July 13 top of mind, and the agency has taken many steps to ensure such an event can never be repeated in the future,” said Sean Curran, whom Trump tasked with leading the agency. Curran was one of the agents standing next to Trump as he was hustled off the stage after the shooting.
The agency said it had implemented 21 of the 46 recommendations made by Congressional oversight bodies. The rest were either in progress or not up to the agency to implement.
Some of what they’ve done involves new equipment and a greater emphasis on addressing threats from above. They’ve created a new Aviation Division to oversee aerial operations like drones. The agency said it has two armored ATVs for use on golf courses and is producing another three. And they’re purchasing mobile command vehicles that will be pre-positioned around the country.
But much of what the agency says it has done is about changing policies and procedures to address those July 13 lapses — things like revising their manual to “advance procedures and communication practices” when it comes to coordinating with local law enforcement or clarifying who’s responsible for events where protectees are appearing.
They’ve updated their procedures about documenting line-of-sight concerns and how those concerns are going to be addressed.
So far it doesn’t appear that anyone has been or will be fired, although the agency’s director at the time, Cheatle, swiftly resigned. The agency said Thursday that six staffers have been disciplined with suspensions ranging from 10 to 42 days without pay; the six were placed on restricted duty or nonoperational positions. Their identities and positions were not released.
The lack of firings has led to criticism. The Senate report said more than six people should have been disciplined and the penalties were too weak to match the severity of what happened.
What we still don’t know
In many ways Crooks and his motivations are still a mystery.
He was killed by a Secret Service countersniper and did not leave much information about why he did what he did. Investigators say they believe he acted alone and they didn’t find any threatening comments or ideological positions on social media that shed light on his thinking.
And while it’s clear what went wrong in Butler, questions linger about how things that were so clearly problematic — like that open roof — weren’t addressed ahead of time.
Anthony Cangelosi, a former Secret Service agent who is now a lecturer at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, said that without being able to read the interviews with the agents involved in the Butler planning it’s hard to know exactly why they did what they did. A year later, he still struggles with how so many things went wrong.
“I can’t understand how many errors were made on that site that day,” he said. “If they agreed to leave that roof unoccupied, I can’t … understand it for the life of me.”
The widow of Corey Comperatore, who died during the Butler assassination attempt, echoed some of that sentiment during an interview with Fox News this week.
“Why was that such a failure? Why weren’t they paying attention? Why did they think that that roof didn’t need covered? I want to sit down and talk to them,” Helen Comperatore said.
Cangelosi said he still questions whether the agency asked for additional personnel to cover a busy election year and if they did, whether those requests were granted. He thinks the Secret Service needs better pay to retain agents tempted to leave the agency for other federal government jobs.
McDonald said he suspects part of the problem ahead of the Butler rally was that the Secret Service might have had a hard time understanding that the type of protection Trump needed wasn’t the same as for other former presidents.
He said it “boggles the mind” how Crooks was able to get on that roof and said that “communication” and “complacency” are the two issues that he thinks really went wrong in Butler.
But he also said that he feels the agency is moving in the right direction. “A lot of good people doing a lot good work there,” he said, “and I hope they continue to move in the right direction.”
Copyright 2025 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
