MIAMI — On Thursday, a federal judge enacted a preliminary injunction that halts any additional expansion and orders the gradual scaling down of an immigration detention facility situated deep within the Florida Everglades. The facility, nicknamed “Alligator Alcatraz,” has been criticized by advocates who argue it breaches environmental laws.

U.S. District Judge Kathleen Williams’ injunction confirms a temporary stop she had previously initiated two weeks earlier, while testimonies continued in a days-long hearing to decide if construction should be permanently halted until the case’s conclusion.

The state of Florida filed a notice of appeal Thursday night, shortly after the ruling was issued.

“The deportations will continue until morale improves,” DeSantis spokesman Alex Lanfranconi said in response to the judge’s ruling.

The judge anticipated that the facility’s population would decrease over the next 60 days, as detainees get relocated to other centers. Following this, the removal of fencing, lighting, and generators is expected. Judge Williams stated that the state and federal parties involved are prohibited from bringing new detainees to the site. However, the order does allow for modifications or repairs to existing structures if they aim to enhance safety or minimize environmental or other risks.

The injunction encompasses individuals “in active concert or participation with” either the state of Florida or federal authorities, including their officers, agents, and employees, as outlined in the judge’s comprehensive 82-page order.

The judge noted that state officials have not adequately justified why the detention center had to be located in the midst of the Florida Everglades. “What is clear, however, is that in their rush to establish the detention camp, the State overlooked alternative site options,” Williams remarked.

Williams said her order gave the state and federal defendants time to wind down the facility so that it can undergo the required environmental assessments. She noted the three-quarters century of efforts to preserve the Everglades.

“Since that time, every Florida governor, every Florida senator, and countless local and national political figures, including presidents, have publicly pledged their unequivocal support for the restoration, conservation, and protection of the Everglades,” she wrote. “This order does nothing more than uphold the basic requirements of legislation designed to fulfill those promises.”

President Donald Trump toured the facility last month and suggested it could be a model for future lockups nationwide as his administration races to expand the infrastructure necessary for increasing deportations.

Environmental groups and the Miccosukee Tribe had argued that further construction and operations should be stopped until federal and state officials complied with federal environmental laws. Their lawsuit claims the project threatens environmentally sensitive wetlands that are home to protected plants and animals and would reverse billions of dollars’ worth of environmental restoration.

Eve Samples, executive director of Friends of the Everglades, called the ruling a landmark victory for the Everglades and Americans who believe this imperiled wilderness should be protected.

“It sends a clear message that environmental laws must be respected by leaders at the highest levels of our government — and there are consequences for ignoring them,” Samples said in a statement.

Miccosukee Tribe Chairman Talbert Cypress said this isn’t the first time the tribe has has to fight for its land and rights.

“We will always stand up for our culture, our sovereignty, and for the Everglades,” Cypress said in a statement.

Attorneys for the state and federal defendants didn’t immediately respond to emailed inquiries late Thursday. But they have previously argued that, although the detention center would be holding federal detainees, the construction and operation of the facility was entirely under the state of Florida, meaning the federal environmental law didn’t apply.

The judge has said the detention facility was, at a minimum, a joint partnership between the state and federal government.

The detention center was quickly built almost two months ago at a lightly used, single-runway training airport in the middle of the Everglades. It currently holds several hundred detainees but was designed to eventually hold up to 3,000 detainees in temporary tent structures.

Inside the compound’s large white tents, rows of bunkbeds are surrounded by chain-link cages. People held there say worms turn up in the food, toilets don’t flush and flood floors with fecal waste, while mosquitoes and other insects are everywhere. At times the air conditioners abruptly shut off in the sweltering heat. Detainees are said to go days without showering or getting prescription medicine, and can only speak to lawyers and loved ones by phone.

Witnesses for the environmental groups testified during the hearing that at least 20 acres (8 hectares) of asphalt had been added to the site since the Florida Division of Emergency Management began construction. They said additional paving could lead to an increase in water runoff to the adjacent wetlands, spread harmful chemicals into the Everglades and reduce the habitat for endangered Florida panthers.

Attorneys for federal and state agencies have asked Williams to dismiss or transfer the injunction request, saying the lawsuit was filed in the wrong jurisdiction. Williams ruled Thursday that her court was the proper venue.

Another federal judge in Miami dismissed part of a lawsuit earlier this week that claimed detainees were denied access to the legal system at the immigration detention center and then moved the remaining counts of the case to another court.

Both lawsuits were being heard as Florida Republican Gov. Ron DeSantis ′ administration apparently was preparing to build a second immigration detention center at a Florida National Guard training center in north Florida.

Copyright 2025 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.